What recent illness should a nurse inquire about in a preschooler with Reye syndrome?

Inquiring about recent illnesses in a preschooler with Reye syndrome is crucial because Reye syndrome has been associated with the use of aspirin during viral infections, specifically influenza and varicella (chickenpox). Among the options provided, chickenpox stands out as particularly relevant because it is one of the viral infections where aspirin use can significantly increase the risk of developing Reye syndrome.

Reye syndrome is characterized by rapid progression of hepatic dysfunction and encephalopathy, and its occurrence following chickenpox infection highlights the importance of avoiding aspirin treatment in children during such infections. The connection between chickenpox and this severe condition emphasizes the need for health professionals to ask about recent chickenpox infections in childhood patients who are presenting with symptoms suggestive of Reye syndrome.

While the flu is also linked to Reye syndrome, chickenpox is more specifically noted due to the higher risk associated with aspirin usage during that illness. Other options, such as measles and norovirus, do not have the same established correlation with Reye syndrome as chickenpox does.