What term describes a persistent state of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity in children?

The term that describes a persistent state of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity in children is ADHD, which stands for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. ADHD is characterized by symptoms that are often present in various settings, such as home, school, and social environments, leading to significant challenges in functioning.

Children with ADHD may find it difficult to stay focused on tasks, may be easily distracted, or may exhibit impulsive behavior that can disrupt their lives and the lives of those around them. This disorder is recognized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) and is differentiated by specific criteria that highlight the need for symptoms to be present for at least six months and to be inappropriate for the child's developmental level.

In contrast, autism spectrum disorder focuses on difficulties with social communication and restricted or repetitive behaviors, behavioral disorders encompass a broader range of disruptive behaviors without the specific emphasis on inattention or hyperactivity, and learning disabilities relate to challenges in specific academic skills. Therefore, ADHD is the most precise and relevant term for the characteristics described in the question.