Which condition is associated with developmental delays and characteristic facial features in children?

The condition associated with developmental delays and characteristic facial features in children is Fragile X syndrome. This genetic disorder results from a mutation in the FMR1 gene on the X chromosome, which leads to the production of a protein essential for normal brain development. Children with Fragile X syndrome often display a range of developmental challenges, including intellectual disability, social anxiety, and behavioral issues, alongside distinct facial features such as a long face, large ears, and prominent jaw. These features, combined with developmental delays, make Fragile X syndrome readily identifiable and distinguishable from other conditions.

Turner syndrome is characterized primarily by short stature and primary amenorrhea and does not typically present with the specific facial features or the significant cognitive impairments noted in Fragile X syndrome. Down syndrome also presents with developmental delays and distinct facial characteristics, but the question specifically highlights the association with Fragile X syndrome. Cerebral palsy mainly affects motor function and may not necessarily be linked with the same type of facial features or cognitive delays seen in Fragile X syndrome. Thus, the unique combination of developmental delays and associated facial features directly links Fragile X syndrome to the question's context.