Which type of cerebral palsy is characterized by stiff and tight muscles?

Spastic cerebral palsy is characterized by stiff and tight muscles due to an imbalance in signals from the brain to the muscles. In this type of cerebral palsy, there is increased muscle tone, which leads to rigidity and limited movement. This stiffness can impede voluntary motor control and can affect one or more limbs, often resulting in difficulties with balance and coordination.

The nature of spasticity in spastic cerebral palsy is rooted in the motor cortex and pathways extending from the brain to the spinal cord. Damage to these areas during early brain development disrupts smooth muscle functioning, leading to involuntary contractions and resistance to movement.

In contrast, the other types of cerebral palsy, such as dyskinetic (which involves involuntary movements), ataxic (characterized by balance and coordination issues), and athetoid (which includes slow, twisting movements), do not primarily present with the tightness and stiffness seen in spastic cerebral palsy.